The Allard Pierson Museum has existed since 1934 as part of the University of Amsterdam and is housed in the former main building of De Nederlandsche Bank.

The Archeology Museum of the University of Amsterdam is named after Allard Pierson (1831-1896), who became the first professor of archeology at the University of Amsterdam in 1877. The history of the Allard Pierson Museum formally starts in 1934.